Objectives:

Upon completion of this unit students should be able to: Develop a site safety plan Measure water levels to within 0.01 ft Solve a 3-point problem to determine groundwater gradient Estimate groundwater flow velocity based on groundwater gradient and sediment type Calibrate and maintain common field meters used to measure groundwater and surface water field parameters:  dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, temperature and turbidity Use a flow-through cell to measure groundwater parameters Differentiate between water-bearing intervals using field parameters

 

Reading for week 1:

USGS Water Resources Division standard methods:  U.S. Geological Survey, variously dated, National field manual for the collection of water-quality data: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 9, chaps. A1-A9.   accessed on line at http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/twri9A/, July 2012 Ch. 1     Preparation for the field Ch. 9     Safety in the field Ch. 6.0  Guidelines for field measurement of water quality Ch. 6.1  Temperature measurement Ch. 6.2  Dissolved oxygen measurement Ch. 6.3  Specific electrical conductance measurement Ch. 6.4  pH measurement Ch. 6.7  Turbidity measurement   Fetter, 4th ed., pp. 107- 108 (vertical gradient) Fetter, 4th ed., pp. 113 - 125 (hydraulic head and seepage velocity)

 

Activities:

Morning activities: Measure groundwater levels in 6 monitoring wells and 2 extraction wells Complete the worksheet that shows how to solve a 3-point problem for groundwater gradient and flow direction Discuss average linear flow velocity, including estimates of sediment porosity Measure the distance between wells 3-point problem worksheet (extra copy) Afternoon activities: Calibrate D.O., E.C., pH and turbidity meters Measure field parameters in a shallow and deep wells Record data on field data sheets for distribution to the class Field data sheet (extra copy)

 

Assignment  for week 1:

Develop a site safety plan and work plan for Saturday's field exercise.   Include a cover page with your company logo.  Include activities, expected hazards, site information, contact information, and important telephone numbers.  The site safety plan/work plan should be 2 pages or less (cover page is extra), and parts of the plan may be in outline or list form.   Due date: Saturday, July 28

 

Additional Assignment for week 1:

Answer these questions in 5 pages or less (cover letter to the client and figures are extra, and may go beyond 5 pages).  Please double space your report, with normal margins and standard font (times or arial).  Refer to all figures in the text.  Citations are optional. Are the 50' and 200' deep wells on the CSUS campus completed in the same water-bearing interval?  Use evidence from field parameters that we collected in Saturday's lab. What is the direction and velocity of groundwater flow in the arboretum area?  If the shallow and deep aquifers are different, include a brief analysis of each.  Calculate the horizontal gradient for each water-bearing interval.  Use your flow map, and calculate the gradient in the direction of maximum dip. Calculate the vertical gradient using a paired cluster of shallow and deep wells.  What does this indicate?  Given a porosity of 15% and a hydraulic conductivity of 45 ft/d, what is the average linear flow velocity in the shallow water bearing interval? Given a porosity of 25% and a hydraulic conductivity of 220 ft/d, what is the average linear flow velocity in the deeper water bearing interval? Discuss the issue of wellhead protection, given these flow velocities.  How long would it take a contaminant to travel 200 ft in each water bearing interval? Use appropriate technical writing style, and include the following sections in your report: Cover page (letter to the client) from your consulting company:  You can pretend that CSUS is the client, and address the letter to me (Tim Horner, CSUS Geology Dept.)   Introduction and purpose   Hydrogeologic setting: geologic, hydrologic, land use, construction, hazards, etc. as appropriate.   Methods: field methods, laboratory methods, graphical methods, statistical methods as appropriate.   Results: summarize results.   Conclusions and recommendations Due date: Saturday, Aug. 4

 

Field data:

Field data sheets from each well will be posted below:     MW-3 field data MW-3A field data   In class this week, Herkey the Hornet will lecture about average linear flow velocity.