Introductory
Organic Chemistry Laboratory
Spring 2011
Instructor: Dr.
Cynthia Kellen-Yuen
Contact Info: office:
SQU 424 A e-mail:
ckyuen@csus.edu phone: 278-5348
Office
Hours M,T: 12-1; W: 9-10 or by
appointment
Faculty
website: www.csus.edu/indiv/k/kellen-yuenc/
SacCT site: https://online.csus.edu
Texts Chemistry 20L Laboratory Manual (on-line through
SacCT website)
Organic Laboratory Techniques, 3rd
ed., Fessenden, Fessenden and Feist
(recommended
but not required)
Required Bound,
lined laboratory-grade notebook (with page numbers),
Materials calculator,
gloves and chemistry-grade laboratory goggles.
A laboratory coat
is highly recommended.
Prerequisites Successful
completion of or concurrent
enrollment in Chem 20
Course Description: Basic organic experimental techniques. Experimental topics include: melting points, purification of solids,
distillation, gas chromatography, extraction, and functional group qualitative
analysis. Specifically designed for
Biological Sciences majors and others who want to meet the Chemistry minor
requirements for a lower division organic laboratory.
Learning Objectives: Students will
learn basic organic laboratory techniques, which will be utilized to prepare,
separate, purify and identify organic compounds. Students will also learn some instrumental
techniques (e.g. gas chromatography and/or infrared spectroscopy). Students will also be required to keep a laboratory-grade
notebook, to explain their laboratory findings in writing, to perform basic
calculations related to the lab, and to familiarize themselves with safety
information sources.
Student Responsibilities: Each student must download the experiment
being performed or discussed during the lab period and bring the paperwork with
him/her to class. Before starting any
lab work, the student must familiarize him/herself with lab procedures,
chemicals, equipment, hazards, safety procedures, and disposal procedures
associated with the work being performed.
Students are required to write up the lab experiment procedure in their
notebook before beginning an experiment.
If the instructor feels that a student is unprepared the student will be
asked to leave. There are no make-up
labs or make-up quizzes without prior approval by the instructor, and being
unprepared for lab does not constitute an approved absence. Students are required to properly clean their
work area before leaving lab or their grade on the performed experiment will be
lowered.
Attire: Students will always come to the lab in
clothing appropriate to a chemistry lab.
This means long sleeves, long pants and shoes that cover the foot. This is the best way to protect yourself in
the case of a chemical spill. A lab coat
or lab apron is a wise investment since it also protects your clothing. STUDENTS
WILL WEAR CHEMICAL-GRADE LABORATORY GOGGLES AT ALL TIMES IN THE
LABORATORY. THERE ARE NO EXCEPTIONS. Any student who must be repeatedly warned to
put on his/her goggles will be told to leave the class. Contact
lenses should never be worn in a chemistry laboratory.
Attendance: This lab meets only once a week. Thus, if you miss one lab period, you have
missed one week of class! Attendance
will be taken every lab period. You are
allowed one unexcused absence; two or more will result in a failing grade in
the class.
Experiments: The
experiments to be performed this semester are listed below along with the basic
time-line for the semester. These
experiments and or the timing of the experiments may change depending upon the
needs of the class. Check for the
up-dated schedule on SacCT during the course of the semester.
Date |
Experiment/Activity |
|
1/24 |
Intro,
Check-in, and lectures |
P. 1-22 |
1/31 |
Melting
Points (20 pts) |
P.39-48 |
2/7 |
TLC
of Analgesics (20 pts) |
P. 133-140 |
2/14 |
Isolation
of Analgesics (20 pts) |
P. 119-132 |
2/21 |
Quiz
#1, Catch-up and lectures |
|
2/28 |
Nitration
(20 pts) |
P. 153-159, 23-38 |
3/7 |
Nitration
continues |
|
3/14 |
SN1/SN2
analysis (20 pts) |
|
3/21 |
Spring Break—No Classes |
|
3/28 |
Carvone
(20 pts) |
P. 77-92, 107-110 |
4/4 |
Lecture
and Carvone continues--spectroscopy |
P. 163-178 |
4/11 |
Quiz
#2, Qualitative Analysis of Alcohols and Alkenes (20 pts) |
|
4/18 |
No Class |
|
4/25 |
Benzocaine
Synthesis and Isolation (20 pts) |
P. 49-67, 71-74 |
5/2 |
Benzocaine
continues |
|
5/9 |
Quiz
#3, Clean-up and check-out |
|
|
Final Exam—Friday May 20, 8-10 am |
|
Grading: Your grade for the course will
be based on your experiment points, quizzes and final exam, your laboratory
notebook, and your laboratory technique throughout the course of the semester
(see below for instructions on keeping a laboratory notebook).
Experimental
points |
160 |
Lab
book and technique |
50 |
Quizzes
(3) |
75 |
Final |
100 |
Total |
385 pts. |
Letter grades are assigned based on a range of: A to
A- = 90.0% and above, B+ to B- = 89.9-80.0%,
C+ to C- = 79.9-70.0%, D =
69.9-60.0%, F = below 60.0%
Cheating and Plagiarism: Plagiarism
and cheating are strictly forbidden and will result in a ZERO GRADE. This includes submission of any work which is
not your own, falsification of lab data, use of old laboratory reports (yours
or someone else’s), copying from another student's report (yes, even lab partners must have their own unique answers),
reporting data for an experiment you did not perform, using extra materials
during testing, programming data into a calculator, having other people take
tests for you, altering exams after they have been graded, etc. While it is acceptable for your initial data
numbers to be the same as your partner’s, we expect each student to be capable
of thinking for him/herself. As such,
identical answers (in word or structure of calculation problems) will be
considered evidence of cheating.
Cleanliness in Lab: Due to problems encountered in previous
classes, students are warned that they are directly held responsible for the
cleanliness of the lab, since messy labs pose hazards to the students and add
costs to the department in terms of clean-up time and wasted chemicals. Therefore the instructor can fine every
student in the class up to 5 points per day if the laboratory room is found to
be messy or unsafe. Students are
encouraged to remind each other to clean up their areas to avoid losing
points. If any student notices that one
of their lab mates is not following the rules, they should report this to the
lab instructor immediately. Students
will be required to ensure that the lab room is clean before leaving for the day.
Laboratory Notebook: (see also text
pp. 8-22). The correct notebook for the lab is a
hardcover, bound notebook containing lined pages. A loose-leaf or spiral notebook is not
satisfactory because pages are easily removed and lost. If the pages are not numbered, number them
before using the book. Make sure you
write your name, address, and telephone number or some type of contact
information on the inside cover, in case it is lost. Record your locker number and combination of
your locker in your lab book or in some convenient place. Leave one page at the front of the lab book
for a table of contents. Enter each of
the experiments consecutively—do not
skip around. All data will be recorded
in permanent ink as it is collected.
NEVER ERASE IN A NOTEBOOK. If an
error is made, ONE line is drawn through the mistake. DO NOT SCRATCH OUT ERRORS AND DO NOT RIP OUT
PAGES FROM THE LAB BOOK. Points will be
deducted for illegible notebooks, however it is
understood that the only "perfect" lab book is one that has
been copied. Make sure your work is neat
and easily followed.
The
lab book will include:
Ø
A table of
contents (with page references)
Ø
Each experiment
should have its own separate page(s) which will include:
o
Title of
experiment
o
Page number
o
Date
o
Outline of the
procedure being performed
o
A hazard table
listing the name, structure mp/bp and any important toxicity data (ex. LD50)
for each chemical being used in the experiment.
Note: this data can be found in
“Hazardous Properties of Industrial Materials” edited by Sax or in any standard
list of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs).
Both can be found in the 5th floor Service Center; the Sax
book is in the reference section on the 3rd floor of the Library;
and MSDS information can be found on-line (for example from Sigma-Aldrich or
Fisher)
o
Data table/place
where data is recorded as the experiment is conducted---DO NOT WRITE DATA
DIRECTLY ON THE LAB REPORT DURRING LAB TIMES
o
Results and
observations of what happened during the experiment (this would include exact
amounts of chemicals used, color changes, etc.
o
Your conclusions
Ø
Remember that you
will be turning in the lab report form for grading, however you will have the
lab book and all of your notes to use in studying for the quizzes—Make your
notes thorough and complete!!
Laboratory Reports: Each experiment includes a lab report form. You are NOT to record data directly onto the
lab report form—it goes into the lab notebook.
The data from the notebook is then used to complete the lab report form
(this ensures that your lab report form is neat and that you always have a copy
of the data in case anything should happen to your lab report form). Graphs,
spectra, or other papers that might be generated in the lab should be attached
to the completed lab report form for submission to instructor.
Lab Reports are due the week after the experiment is
completed, at the BEGINNING of the lab period.
Late reports lose 10% of the grade for every day they are late. Lab reports are NOT accepted after the graded
reports have been returned to the class.